I/O = I/O (Input/Output)
hardware -> perangkat keras
device = device
storage device -> device penyimpanan
disk = disk
transmission = transmission
processor -> prosesor
human-interface device = human-interface device
instruction -> instruksi
direct I/O instruction = direct I/O instruction
memory-mapped I/O = memory-mapped I/O
port = port (perangkat keras)
bus = bus (perangkat keras)
daisy chain = daisy chain
shared direct access = shared direct access
controller = controller
host adapter = host adapter
command-ready =command-ready
busy = busy
error = error
host = host
polling = polling
looping = looping
status register -> register status
service = service
CPU processing = CPU processing
Interrupt -> Interupsi
request line = request line
pointer = pointer
interrupt handler/ing = interrupt handler/ing
interrupt controller = interrupt controller
critical state = critical state, efisiensi
interrupt priority level system = interrupt priority level system
interrupt request line = interrupt request line
nonmaskable interrupt = nonmaskable interrupt
maskable interrupt = maskable interrupt
critical instruction sequence = critical instruction sequence
interrupt vector = interrupt vector
interrupt chaining = interrupt chaining
offset = offset
overhead = overhead
exception = exception
page fault = page fault
system call = system call
software interrupt = software interrupt
trap = trap
DMA = Direct Memory Access
command block = command block
transfer destination -> destinasi transfer
address -> alamat (istilah komputer dalam penunjukkan lokasi)
block -> blok
burst mode = burst mode
single burst = single burst
microprocessor -> mikroprosesor
idle = idle
cycle stealing mode = cycle stealing mode
handshaking = handshaking
DMA request = DMA request
DMA acknowledge = DMA acknowledge
memory-address -> alamat memori
cycle stealing = cycle stealing
virtual address -> alamat virtual
physical memory -> memori fisik
performance -> performa
device driver = device driver
memory bus -> bus memori
controller = controller
physical memory = physical memory
application space data = application space data
context switch = alih konteks
device = device
interrupt -> interupsi
smart controller = smart controller
polling = polling
concurrency = concurrency
channel = channel
memory subsystem = memory subsystem
bus = bus
application code = kode aplikasi
bugs = bugs
reboot = reboot
reload = reload
overhead = overhead
internal kernel -> kernel internal
messaging = messaging
threading = threading
locking = locking
debug = debug
crash = crash
block reads = block reads
write = write
workload = workload
secondary storage -> penyimpanan sekunder
magnetic tape = magnetic tape
tape = tape
backup = backup
disk drive = disk drive
logic block -> blok lojik
bytes = bytes
low level formatted = low level formatted
logical block number -> nomor blok lojikal
disk address -> alamat disk
sector -> sektor
hardware = hardware
disk drives = disk drives
bandwith disk = bandwith disk
seek time -> waktu pencarian
disk arm = disk arm
head = head
disk = disk
bandwith = bandwith
bytes = bytes
input = input
output = output
controller = controller
memory address = alamat memori
First-come First-serve = First-com First-serve
shortest-seek-time-first = shortest-seek-time-first
shortest-job-first = shortest-job-first
starvation = starvation
schedulling -> penjadwalan
disk arm = disk arm
Circular-SCAN = Circular-SCAN
variance -> varian
index -> indeks
directory = directory
disk head = disk head
magnetic disk = disk magnetik
slate = slate
low-level formatting = low-level formatting
physical formatting = physical formatting
trailer = trailer
disk controller = disk controller
partition = partition
I/O = I/O
logical block -> blok lojikal
raw I/O = raw I/O
main memory = memori utama
bootstrap = boostrap
boot disk = boot disk
bad blocks = bad blocks
sector slipping = sector slipping
interface = interface
I/O Application -> aplikasi I/O
software layering = software layering
device driver = device driver
layer -> lapisan
disk drive = disk drive
block device = block device
random-access = random-access
stream character -> karakter stream
library = library
network device -> peralatan jaringan
interface socket = interface socket
local socket = local socket
remote socket = remote socket
clock -> jam
timer = timer
trigger = trigger
programmable interval timer = programmable interval timer
scheduler = scheduler
timer request = timer request
hardware timer = hardware timer
blocking (application) = blocking (application)
nonblocking (application) = nonblocking (application)
wait queue = wait queue
run queue = run queue
physical action = physical action
asynchronous = asynchronous